Comparative Phytochemical, Proximate and In vitro Antihyperglycemic Analyses of the Stem Bark Extracts of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth and Annona senegalensis Pers
C. E. Anarado *
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
O. F. Obumselu
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
N. U. Ejimofor
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
N. P. Okafor
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
C. L. Igwe
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
J. C. Udekute
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
C. E. Igwe
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
C. B. Nsofor
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, 420110, Awka, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The present research aimed to investigate the phytochemical bioactive constituents and proximate composition of the methanol extract of Kigelia africana and Annona senegalensis stem bark, as well as its in vitro antidiabetic potential. The results suggest that the presence of bioactive compounds may be responsible for the numerous medicinal capacities of these plants, including their antidiabetic abilities. The methanol stem bark extracts of K. africana and A. senegalensis demonstrated strong α-amylase and yeast cell glucose absorption inhibition, respectively. The stem bark methanol extract of A. senegalensis exhibited the highest level of inhibition (87.61%) at 0.1 mg/ml concentration when compared to conventional acarbose medication (56.0%) on the α-amylase enzyme. The percentage of glucose uptake by both methanol stem bark extract of Kigelia africana and Annona senegalensis was recorded maximum (31.40%) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The present research establishes the antidiabetic effect of methanol stem bark extract of Kigelia africana and Annona senegalensis by in vitro assays.
Keywords: Kigelia africana, Annona senegalensis, phytochemicals, antihyperglycemic, stem bark, alpha-amylase inhibition, yeast cell glucose uptake