Synthesis of Metallic Nanomaterials Using Green Chemistry Approaches
Chinaecherem Tochukwu Arum *
Department of Material Science and Explosives, Faculty of Science, Nigerian Defence Academy, PMB 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Simon Bbumba *
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Computing, Ndejje University, P.O. Box 7088, Kampala, Uganda and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Muni University, P.O. Box 725, Arua, Uganda.
Moses Kigozi
Department of Chemistry, Busitema University, P. O. BOX 236, Tororo, Uganda.
Ibrahim Karume
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
John Ssekatawa
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Ivan Kiganda
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Herein, we reviewed metallic nanomaterials (MNMs), which have gained significant attention due to their unique properties and diverse applications across various fields. However, traditional methods for MNM synthesis often involve toxic chemicals and harsh conditions, raising environmental concerns. However, green synthesis approaches have emerged as promising alternatives. This review explores the various green methods employed for MNM synthesis, including using biological agents like plants, fungi, and bacteria. It further goes deeper into the mechanisms of these methods and discusses the factors influencing the shape, size, and physical properties of the synthesized MNMs. Additionally, the potential applications of green-synthesized MNMs in fields such as catalysis, biomedical sciences, and environmental remediation are discussed. This review aims to examine the synthesis of metallic nanomaterials using green approaches.
Keywords: Nanomaterials, green synthesis, biological agents, sustainability, remediation